Why dry mouth hits 40% of seniors, and how experts treat it
Doctors and gerontologists explain the causes behind reduced saliva production and the daily habits that can help manage the condition.
By Ryan Davidson ·
Dry mouth affects 40% of adults aged 80 and older, while 30% of adults 65 and up experience the condition, according to the American Dental Association. The issue often appears alongside soreness, bad breath, and difficulties with dentures.
Dr. Rhea Rogers, a board certified physician, explained that the problem occurs when salivary glands fail to produce enough fluid. She emphasized that identifying the root cause is the first step in treatment. "Basically your salivary glands are just not producing enough fluid. And so you want to know why. You know, always find your why," Rogers said.
Rogers listed several potential causes for the reduced fluid production. These include dehydration, damage to nerves, cancer, underlying autoimmune disorders, and certain medications. She noted that for some patients, dry mouth serves as an early warning sign that another health issue is developing, even in otherwise healthy individuals.
"Sam" Cradduck, a gerontologist, compared saliva to engine oil in a car, noting that the mouth cannot function long without it. Without adequate saliva, talking, eating, and chewing become difficult. Cradduck described saliva as the mouthwash for the body. Rogers added that saliva plays a vital role in cleansing the mouth and protecting tooth enamel.
The condition also impacts those who wear dentures. Rogers said that a lack of moisture can alter how dentures fit, leading to discomfort, pain, and more sores. This makes managing dry mouth essential for maintaining oral comfort and function.
Cradduck, who manages her own dry mouth due to an autoimmune condition, shared several practical strategies. She keeps gum in her mouth at all times, including while sleeping, and uses candy or hard drops to stimulate salivation. She advised against mouthwashes that contain alcohol, as the ingredient can be drying. She also suggested avoiding drinking and smoking, which can exacerbate the issue. Sticky drops placed on the gums can help some people, and stickers that go around the gums are used by others, including a patient who had salivary glands removed due to cancer.
Rogers stated that medical treatments generally work in two ways: stimulating an underproducing gland or providing moisture when the gland cannot produce fluid. Aging expert Amy O'Rourke recommended that patients bring up dryness at regular dental visits. She suggested mentioning symptoms such as frequent coughing, recurring infections, or avoiding certain foods. "Stay on top of it by reaching out to the professionals," O'Rourke said.
